Q1: How can impacts of the CAP in its entirety, on nature (BD and ESS) and people (income and inequities), be better measured?

Action 1.1: Integrative analysis of (joint) paths of biodiversity and rural societies.

Action 1.2: Improve targets and indicators and provide guidelines for monitoring.

Q2: How does the CAP affect the sustainability of agricultural production in Europe?

Action 2: Analysis of CAP effects on production, with a focus on:
a) support for animal products (coupled and decoupled Direct Payments, AECM for extensive grazing) and
b) support for sustainable farming systems through CAP payments, labelling and certification.

Q3: How can CAP instruments be improved to promote habitat restoration and contribute to climate change mitigation and adaptation?

Action 3: Identify risks and opportunities for the CAP regarding climate change mitigation and adaptation, and the role of natural capital and restoration in this context, through literature reviews, policy analyses and a SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats)

Q4: How can behavioural (societal) action and governance changes be fostered toward better protection and restoration of farmland BD, ESS and rural societies?

Action 4.1: Support decision-making, with focus on landscape-level planning and result-based implementation

Action 4.2: Advancing the concept of a “socio-ecological frontier”